| dc.identifier.citation | Okube, O. T., Kimani, S., & Waithira, M. (2020). Association of dietary patterns and practices on metabolic syndrome in adults with central obesity attending a mission hospital in Kenya: a cross-sectional study. BMJ open, 10(10), e039131. | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | Objective Dietary patterns and practices can predispose
or protect against metabolic syndrome (MetS) in humans.
Despite the growing problem of MetS in adults, the
underpinning dietary behaviour is poorly understood. We
determined the dietary patterns and practices relevant to
MetS in adults with central obesity attending a mission
hospital in Kenya.
Study design Descriptive, cross-sectional.
Setting Outpatient clinic of a mission-based hospital in
Nairobi.
Participants Adults (N=404) aged 18–64 years
diagnosed with central obesity as per the International
Diabetes Federation definition for MetS.
Primary outcomes Anthropometric measurements,
clinical-biochemical markers and dietary components,
quantity and frequency of food intake, as well as time lapse between consumption of dinner and sleeping.
Results A high (87.2%) prevalence of MetS was observed
for respondents who reported consumption of large
amount of carbohydrates (p<0.001), proteins (p<0.001),
processed/fast foods (p<0.001) and sugar (p=0.009).
Frequent consumption of legumes (p<0.001), nuts
(p<0.001), fruits (p<0.001) and vegetables (p=0.021)
was linked to reduced MetS. Additionally, longer interval
between eating dinner and going to bed was associated
with reduced MetS.
Conclusion Regular consumption of fruits, vegetables,
legumes and nuts, as well as observing sometime
after eating dinner before sleeping, was the dietary
pattern significantly associated with a lower risk of
MetS. Whereas, consumption of a large quantity of
carbohydrates, proteins, processed/fast foods and sugar is
likely to predispose to MetS. The findings underscore the
need to focus on specific dietary intake patterns including
frequency, quantity, quality and variety for MetS prevention
and management. The MetS-related interventions could
be implemented during individual consultation, group and
community health messaging sessions | en_US |
