Factors Influencing Family Planning Uptake Among Muslim Women of Reproductive Age in Garissa County, Kenya

Abstract

Background: In Kenya, unmet need for family planning (FP) remains high despite government efforts to promote FP methods. Challenges persist, especially in rural areas like Garissa County, where contraceptive prevalence is notably low at 12.7%, compared to Kenya’s 57%. The unmet need for FP in Garissa county is 10%. Objectives: The general objective of the study was to determine factors influencing FP uptake among Muslim women of reproductive age in Garissa County. The study’s specific objectives were: to determine the knowledge of FP among Muslim women in Garissa County; to identify sociodemographic factors influencing FP uptake among Muslim women in Garissa County; and to identify cultural factors that influenced the uptake of FP among Muslim women in Garissa County. Methods: A cross-sectional mixed methods research design focused on Muslim women aged 15-49 in Garissa County. The study involved 187 participants selected through stratified random sampling. A proportionate sample of women was calculated per subcounty. Data collection utilized semi-structured interviews with selected women and focus group discussions with community health promoters from seven subcounties. Quantitative data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 26, employing univariate analysis for demographics, correlation analysis for variable associations and binary logistic regression. Qualitative data was analysed thematically. Results: Eighty-two percent of women had knowledge of FP, mainly through community health workers (66%). Only 44% attended workshops, showing limited interest in education and just 39% practiced FP. Among users, 56% had husbands unaware of their usage. Injectables and other methods were equally preferred at 50%, influenced by partner opposition and concerns about side effects and fertility. Knowledge of FP methods was weakly and significantly correlated with usage (r=0.317, p=0.002). Religion influenced perceptions on FP and most families preferred over five children. Recommendations: There should be improved training on cultural sensitivity in FP. The government should engage religious leaders and promote male advocacy through targeted policies.