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    Risk Factors for COVID-19 Infection, Disease Severity and Related Deaths in Africa: A Systematic Review

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    Publication Date
    2021-01-21
    Authors
    Gesesew, Hailay Abrha
    Koye, Digsu Negese
    Fetene, Dagnachew Muluye
    Woldegiorgis, Mulu
    Kinfu, Yohannes
    Geleto, Ayele Bali
    Melaku, Yohannes Adama
    Mohammed, Hassen
    Alene, Kefyalew Addis
    Awoke, Mamaru Ayenew
    Birhanu, Mulugeta Molla
    Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay
    Gelaw, Yalemzewod Assefa
    Shifti, Desalegn Markos
    Muluneh, Muluken Dessalegn
    Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw
    Abrha, Solomon
    Aregay, Atsede Fantahun
    Ayalew, Mohammed Biset
    Gebre, Abadi Kahsu
    Gebremariam, Kidane Tadesse
    Gebremedhin, Tesfaye
    Gebremichael, Lemlem
    Leshargie, Cheru Tesema
    Kibret, Getiye Dejenu
    Meazaw, Maereg Wagnew7
    Mekonnen, Alemayehu Berhane
    Tekle, Dejen Yemane
    Tesema, Azeb Gebresilassie
    Tesfay, Fisaha Haile
    Tesfaye, Wubshet
    Wubishet, Befikadu Legesse
    Dachew, Berihun Assefa
    Adane, Akilew Awoke
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    (34 total)
    Type
    Article, Journal
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    Citation

    Gesesew HA, Koye DN, Fetene DM, et al. Risk factors for COVID-19 infection, disease severity and related deaths in Africa: a systematic review. BMJ Open 2021;11:e044618. doi:10.1136/ bmjopen-2020-044618

    Abstract/Overview

    Objective The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive evidence on risk factors for transmission, disease severity and COVID-19 related deaths in Africa. Design A systematic review has been conducted to synthesise existing evidence on risk factors affecting COVID-19 outcomes across Africa. Data sources Data were systematically searched from MEDLINE, Scopus, MedRxiv and BioRxiv. Eligibility criteria Studies for review were included if they were published in English and reported at least one risk factor and/or one health outcome. We included all relevant literature published up until 11 August 2020. Data extraction and synthesis We performed a systematic narrative synthesis to describe the available studies for each outcome. Data were extracted using a standardised Joanna Briggs Institute data extraction form. Results Fifteen articles met the inclusion criteria of which four were exclusively on Africa and the remaining 11 papers had a global focus with some data from Africa. Higher rates of infection in Africa are associated with high population density, urbanisation, transport connectivity, high volume of tourism and international trade, and high level of economic and political openness. Limited or poor access to healthcare are also associated with higher COVID-19 infection rates. Older people and individuals with chronic conditions such as HIV, tuberculosis and anaemia experience severe forms COVID-19 leading to hospitalisation and death. Similarly, high burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, high prevalence of tobacco consumption and low levels of expenditure on health and low levels of global health security score contribute to COVID-19 related deaths.

    Subject/Keywords
    Demographic; Institutional ecological health systems; COVID-19; MEDLINE; Scopus; MedRxiv; BioRxiv; Transmission
    Further Details

    This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http:// creativecommons. org/ licenses/ by- nc/ 4. 0/.

    Publisher
    ResearchGate
    Permalink
    https://repository.amref.ac.ke/handle/123456789/542
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    • General - GEN [355]

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