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    Systematic and Meta-analysis of Factors Associated with Preeclampsia and Eclampsia in Sub-Saharan Africa

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    Research article (585.7Kb)
    Publication Date
    2020-08-19
    Authors
    MeazawI, Maereg Wagnew
    Chojenta, Catherine
    Muluneh, Muluken Dessalegn
    Loxton, Deborah
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    Type
    Article, Journal
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    Meazaw MW, Chojenta C, Muluneh MD, Loxton D (2020) Systematic and meta-analysis of factors associated with preeclampsia and eclampsia in sub-Saharan Africa. PLoS ONE 15(8): e0237600. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0237600

    Abstract/Overview

    Background Preeclampsia and eclampsia are common complications of pregnancy globally, including sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. Although it has a high burden on maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity, evidence on the risk of the problem is limited. Therefore, the aim of this review was to examine the factors associated with preeclampsia and eclampsia among mothers in SSA countries. Methods We searched article from SSA countries using electronic database MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL published in English from January 2000 to May 2020. Two reviewers independently screened, extracted and assessed the quality of the articles. Both random and fixed effect model were used for analysis. Heterogeneity of the studies and publication bias were checked. STATA 16 used for analysis. Results Fifty-one studies met the inclusion criteria and included in this review. The following factors were identified through meta-analysis: being primiparous (OR: 2.52; 95% CI:1.19, 3.86), previous history of maternal preeclampsia/eclampsia (OR:5.6; 95% CI:1.82, 9.28), family history of preeclampsia/eclampsia (OR:1.68; 95% CI:1.26, 2.11), high maternal body mass index (OR: 1.69; 95% CI:1.17, 2.21), chronic hypertension (OR: 2.52; 95% CI:1.29, 3.74), anaemia during pregnancy (OR: 3.22; 95% CI:2.70, 3.75) and lack of antenatal care visits (OR: 2.71; 95% CI:1.45, 3.96). There was inconclusive evidence for a relationship with a number of other factors, such as nutrition and related factors, antenatal care visits, birth spacing, and other factors due to few studies found in our review. Conclusions The risk of preeclampsia and eclampsia is worse among women who have a history of preeclampsia/eclampsia (either themselves or family members), primiparous, obesity and overweight, living with chronic disease, having anaemia during pregnancy and absence from ANC visits. Therefore, investment must be made in women’s health needs to reduce the problem and health service providers need to give due attention to high-risk women.

    Subject/Keywords
    Pregnancy; MEDLINE; EMBASE; PubMed; CINAHL; Anaemia
    Further Details

    Copyright: © 2020 Meazaw et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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    PLOS ONE
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    https://repository.amref.ac.ke/handle/123456789/544
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    • General - GEN [355]

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