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    A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Associated Factors of Gender-Based Violence against Women in Sub-Saharan Africa

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    Research article (4.453Mb)
    Publication Date
    2021-04-21
    Authors
    Muluneh, Muluken Dessalegn
    Francis, Lyn
    Agho, Kingsley
    Stulz, Virginia
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    (4 total)
    Type
    Article, Journal
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    Citation

    Muluneh MD, Francis L, Agho K, Stulz V. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Associated Factors of Gender-Based Violence against Women in Sub-Saharan Africa. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 21;18(9):4407. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18094407. PMID: 33919171; PMCID: PMC8122481.

    Abstract/Overview

    A systematic review and meta-analysis were employed to address the associated factors of gender-based violence (GBV) in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were followed. Ovid Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane Central, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science were used to source articles with stringent eligibility criteria. A total of 4931 studies were found and 50 studies met the inclusion criteria. Pooled meta-analyses revealed that low educational attainment, higher alcohol consumption, substance use, history of child and family abuse, limited decision-making skills, experiencing depression, males having multiple sexual partners, and younger age were found to be individual- and family-associated factors that increase the experiences of GBV. Community tolerant attitudes to violence, women's unemployment, being Muslim, lower socioeconomic class, food and social insecurity were found to be community- and societal-associated factors of GBV. Alcohol consumption, low educational attainment, experiencing depression, being younger, a history of child and family abuse, tolerant attitudes to violence, and low socioeconomic status were poignant factors associated with GBV amongst women in SSA countries. The need to develop a multipronged approach of intervention is a top priority in SSA to reach the Sustainable Development Goals' (SDGs) target of 2030 to eliminate all forms of violence. Socio-behavioural change communication interventions at individual and community levels need to be introduced, and interventions need to address the prevention of child and family abuse and increase women's feelings of empowerment in order to prevent GBV in SSA.

    Subject/Keywords
    Cross-sectional; Ecological; Gender-based violence; Risk factors; Sub-Saharan Africa; Systematic analysis; Meta-analysis.
    Further Details

    This study is part of the first author’s work for Doctor of Philosophy at Western SydneyUniversity, Australia

    Publisher
    MDPI
    Permalink
    https://repository.amref.ac.ke/handle/123456789/648
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    • General - GEN [355]

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