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    “Slash and Clear”, a Community-Based Vector Control Method to Reduce Onchocerciasis Transmission by Simulium sirbanum in Maridi, South Sudan: A Prospective Study

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    Research Article (884.2Kb)
    Publication Date
    2021-10-15
    Authors
    Raimon, Stephen
    Lakwo, Tom L.
    Wilson, John Sebit
    Nelson Siewe Fodjo, Joseph
    Alinda, Peter
    Carter, Jane Y.
    Post, Rory J.
    Colebunders, Robert
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    (8 total)
    Type
    Article, Journal
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    Citation

    Raimon, S.; Lakwo, T.L.; Sebit, W.J.; Siewe Fodjo, J.N.; Alinda, P.; Carter, J.Y.; Post, R.J.; Colebunders, R. “Slash and Clear”, a Community- Based Vector Control Method to Reduce Onchocerciasis Transmission by Simulium sirbanum in Maridi, South Sudan: A Prospective Study. Pathogens 2021, 10, 1329. https:// doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10101329

    Abstract/Overview

    Abstract: Background: High ongoing Onchocerca volvulus transmission was recently documented in Maridi County, South Sudan. To complement community-directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI) as the main onchocerciasis control strategy, we initiated a community-based vector control method “slash and clear” at the Maridi dam, a Simulium damnosum s.l. breeding site, to reduce O. volvulus transmission. Methods: Simulium damnosum s.l. biting rates were collected before and during the twenty months following the “slash and clear” intervention using the human landing catches. Black flies were dissected to measure parity rates before and twelve months after the intervention. Larvae and pupae of S. damnosum s.l. were collected from the dam for morphological and chromosomal characterization to identify the cytospecies involved. Results: Biting rates of S. damnosum s.l. close to the Maridi dam spillway decreased by >90% post-“slash and clear” for more than six months. Twelve months after the “slash and clear” intervention, the reduction in biting rates was still at <50% (p = 0.0007). Parity rates reduced from 13% pre-“slash and clear” (November 2019) to 5.6% post-“slash and clear” (November 2020). Larvae collected from the dam were identified as Simulium sirbanum. Conclusion: The “slash and clear” method was found to be an effective and cheap community-based method to reduce black fly biting rates caused by S. sirbanum. When repeated at least annually together with a high CDTI coverage, this intervention has the potential to considerably accelerate onchocerciasis elimination.

    Subject/Keywords
    Onchocerciasis;; Simulium damnosum; Simulium sirbanum; Vector control; Slash and clear; Elimination; Community
    Further Details

    Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).

    Publisher
    Pathogens
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    https://repository.amref.ac.ke/handle/123456789/382
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    • General - GEN [355]

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